C++ 屬性: carries_dependency (C++11 起)(C++26 移除)
來自 cppreference.com
指示 release-consume std::memory_order 中的依賴鏈在函式內外部傳播,這允許編譯器跳過不必要的記憶體屏障指令。
目錄 |
[編輯] 語法
[[carries_dependency]]
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[編輯] 解釋
此屬性可能出現在兩種情況中:
1) 它可能應用於函式或 lambda 表示式的引數宣告,在這種情況下,它指示引數的初始化將依賴項帶入該物件的左值到右值轉換。
2) 它可能應用於整個函式宣告,在這種情況下,它指示返回值將依賴項帶入函式呼叫表示式的評估。
此屬性必須出現在任何翻譯單元中函式或其引數的第一個宣告上。如果它在另一個翻譯單元中函式或其引數的第一個宣告上未使用,則程式格式不正確;不需要診斷。
[編輯] 示例
幾乎原樣改編自 SO。
執行此程式碼
#include <atomic> #include <iostream> void print(int* val) { std::cout << *val << std::endl; } void print2(int* val [[carries_dependency]]) { std::cout << *val << std::endl; } int main() { int x{42}; std::atomic<int*> p = &x; int* local = p.load(std::memory_order_consume); if (local) { // The dependency is explicit, so the compiler knows that local is // dereferenced, and that it must ensure that the dependency chain // is preserved in order to avoid a fence (on some architectures). std::cout << *local << std::endl; } if (local) { // The definition of print is opaque (assuming it is not inlined), // so the compiler must issue a fence in order to ensure that // reading *p in print returns the correct value. print(local); } if (local) { // The compiler can assume that although print2 is also opaque then // the dependency from the parameter to the dereferenced value is // preserved in the instruction stream, and no fence is necessary (on // some architectures). Obviously, the definition of print2 must actually // preserve this dependency, so the attribute will also impact the // generated code for print2. print2(local); } }
可能的輸出
42 42 42
[編輯] 參考文獻
- C++23 標準 (ISO/IEC 14882:2024)
- 9.12.4 攜帶依賴屬性 [dcl.attr.depend]
- C++20 標準 (ISO/IEC 14882:2020)
- 9.12.3 攜帶依賴屬性 [dcl.attr.depend]
- C++17 標準 (ISO/IEC 14882:2017)
- 10.6.3 攜帶依賴屬性 [dcl.attr.depend]
- C++14 標準 (ISO/IEC 14882:2014)
- 7.6.4 攜帶依賴屬性 [dcl.attr.depend]
- C++11 標準 (ISO/IEC 14882:2011)
- 7.6.4 攜帶依賴屬性 [dcl.attr.depend]
[編輯] 參閱
(C++11)(C++26 中已棄用) |
從 std::memory_order_consume 依賴樹中移除指定的物件 (函式模板) |